alternative investment funds

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Introduction

Alternative investment funds (“AIF”) being considered an investment avenue for sophisticated investors with high risk-appetite and ticket-size, are subject to certain restraints in their marketing and placement to keep it restricted to the intended investors. The Securities and Exchange Board of India (“SEBI”) (Alternative Investment Funds) Regulations, 2012 (“AIF Regulations”) define an AIF as[1] “a privately pooled investment vehicle which collects funds from investors, whether Indian or foreign, for investing it in accordance with a defined investment policy for the benefit of its investors…”. Regulation 11[2] further provides that an “AIF shall raise funds through private placement by issue of information memorandum or placement memorandum, by whatever name called”. Moreover, it has been provided[3] that no scheme of an AIF shall have more than 1000 investors and where an AIF is set-up as a company, the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 shall apply.[4]Continue Reading AIF Marketing in India: What Fund Managers Must Know

SEBI Order casts - Spotlight on Conflicts of Interest of AIFs 

Introduction

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (“SEBI”), vide its settlement order dated May 06, 2025 (“Order”), has accepted a settlement application filed by the investment manager (“Manager”) of a real estate fund (“Fund”), sponsored by a related sponsor entity (“Sponsor”), for breach of various provisions of the SEBI (Alternative Investment Funds) Regulations, 2012 (“AIF Regulations”)[1], and the SEBI Master Circular for Alternative Investment Funds, dated May 7, 2024 (“Master Circular”)[2], subject to a payment of INR 36 lakh by the Manager on behalf of itself and the Fund. The Settlement Order emanated from a suo-moto application, seeking settlement of issues pertaining to conflict of interest and non-compliances in operations of the Fund.Continue Reading SEBI Order casts Spotlight on Conflicts of Interest of AIFs 

Pro-rata and Pari-Passu Rights: Regulating the Differential Rights for AIF Investors

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (“SEBI”) through its circular dated December 13, 2024 (“Circular”), along with Implementation Standards issued by the Standard Setting Forum for AIFs (“SFA”), introduced guidelines to ensure fair and equitable treatment of investors in alternative investment funds (“AIFs”), making pro-rata and pari passu rights an essential feature of AIF structures.Continue Reading Pro-rata and Pari-Passu Rights: Regulating the Differential Rights for AIF Investors

SEBI Proposes to Unlock Listed Debt Markets for Category II AIFs

Introduction

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (“SEBI”), as part of its ongoing regulatory reforms, released a consultation paper on February 7, 2025, seeking public comments to review Regulation 17(a) of the SEBI (Alternative Investment Funds) Regulations, 2012 (“AIF Regulations”). The objective is to enhance investment flexibility for Alternative Investment Funds (“AIFs”), particularly in debt securities, while addressing concerns arising from recent regulatory changes by way of allowing Category II AIFs to make up to 100% of their investment in certain listed debt securities as explained in detail below. As of now, Category II AIFs are allowed to make less than 50% of their investments in listed securities.Continue Reading SEBI Proposes to Unlock Listed Debt Markets for Category II AIFs

SEBI Prescribes Due Diligence Norms for AIFs to Curb Regulatory Circumvention

Introduction

A new set of regulations has been implemented for Alternative Investment Funds (“AIFs”) to exercise “specific due diligence”,[1] with respect to their investors. The aim is to prevent investors from circumventing the extant norms administered by the financial sector regulators. These include:Continue Reading SEBI Prescribes Due Diligence Norms for AIFs to Curb Regulatory Circumvention

FIG Paper (No. 37 – Series 1) | SEBI Proposes to Introduce ‘New Asset Class’

Background and Key Features:

  • The Securities and Exchange Board of India (“SEBI”) regulates the asset management and wealth management sector through a graded approach in relation to prudential, governance and investment norms, with flexibility given progressively, basis minimum investment threshold. This sector has also seen a significant rise in assets under management (“AUM”) over the last decade:

Continue Reading FIG Paper (No. 37 – Series 1) | SEBI Proposes to Introduce ‘New Asset Class’

The rise of domestic capital in alternative asset space requires the AIF Regulatory Platform be made available to In-house Funds

The Indian growth story has been propelled by alternative asset classes that witnessed an unprecedented inflow of domestic and foreign capital in the last few years. Alternative Investment Funds (“AIFs”) have played an essential role in this and have raised, as on June 30, 2022[1], a whopping INR 6,94,520 crore (Indian Rupees Six lakh ninety-four thousand and five hundred twenty crore), of which actual deployed capital stands at INR 3,11,343 crore (Indian Rupees Three lakh eleven thousand and three hundred forty-three crore). These numbers are up from INR 2,90,339 crore (Indian Rupees Two lakh ninety thousand and three hundred thirty-nine crore) of capital raised and INR 1,19,758 crore (Indian Rupees One lakh nineteen thousand and seven hundred fifty-eight crore) of actual capital deployed, as on June 30, 2019[2]. Securities and Exchange Board of India (“SEBI”), being the capital market regulator in India, has played an active role in streamlining the AIF industry. SEBI’s proactive and investor-friendly approach is often reflected in the discourses with market participants as well as in the guidelines / circulars / regulations issued for the AIF industry.Continue Reading An Argument for In-house Alternative Investment Funds

SEBI amends FPI Regulations to permit registration of AIFs in IFSC with resident sponsors managers as FPIs

Previously, RBI had permitted Indian entities to make mandatory sponsor commitment to AIFs in IFSC under the ‘automatic route’

Introduction

Alternative Investment Funds (“AIFs”) set up in an International Financial Services Centre (“IFSC”) are required to register themselves as Foreign Portfolio Investors (“FPIs”), for being able to invest inter alia in securities listed on Indian stock exchanges or in specific listed or unlisted corporate debt securities of Indian companies. Since entities set up in IFSCs are equivalent to ‘non-residents’ for the purposes of Indian foreign exchange regulations, restrictions placed by Securities Exchange Board of India (“SEBI”) and the Reserve Bank of India (“RBI”) on participation of Indian residents in FPIs are, by default, applicable to AIFs in IFSC. Considering that AIFs may be set up by managers/ sponsors who are resident Indian entities and that the SEBI (Alternative Investment Funds) Regulations, 2012 (“AIF Regulations”), require managers/ sponsors of AIFs to make mandatory sponsor commitment[1] to the AIF, it is imperative that the restrictions on residents investing in FPIs do not conflict with the mandatory sponsor commitment requirements under AIF Regulations, as applicable to AIFs in IFSC.Continue Reading SEBI amends FPI Regulations to permit registration of AIFs in IFSC with resident sponsors/ managers as FPIs

SEBI Notifies Renewed Process for PPM Filing by AIFs

“PPM filings will now be based on due diligence by merchant bankers

I.  Introduction

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (“SEBI”) at its board meeting held on August 6, 2021, announced a wide array of changes to the regulatory regime governing alternative investment funds (“AIFs”) in India. We had analysed the amendments and their effect in a prior regulatory update. Amongst the changes announced was a procedural update. The securities regulator had mandated that all private placement memoranda (“PPM”), the offer document shared with potential investors in an AIF, must be filed with it through a merchant banker.Continue Reading SEBI Notifies Renewed Process for PPM Filing by AIFs