Mergers and Acquisitions

The Need for Speed - Fast Track Mergers

Summary: The winding racetrack of geopolitics and the global economic realignment currently underway is a once in a lifetime opportunity for India to claim its rightful place in the new economic order – this race is on and the agility of doing M&A will play a key role in driving outcomes for India’s development. The 2025 fast-track merger amendments promise to turbo-charge M&A for mid-market companies, are incremental reforms enough, or is it time for an overhaul?Continue Reading The Need for Speed – Fast Track Mergers

The Four Pillars of Change: Unpacking India’s New Fast-Track Merger Regime

Summary: The MCA has unleashed a significant liberalisation of the fast-track merger framework, introducing four revolutionary changes by allowing unlisted companies, non-wholly owned subsidiaries and fellow subsidiary transactions to access the fast-track route, while also streamlining cross-border mergers. This change makes the fast-track route viable for a broader range of entities and seeks to reduce the NCLT’s burden, potentially allowing it to focus on contentious matters requiring judicial oversight.Continue Reading The Four Pillars of Change: Unpacking India’s New Fast-Track Merger Regime

FIG Paper no. 48: Change in Control & Learnings in FIG space

Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) in the banking, financial services, and insurance (BFSI) sector constituted approximately 10% of all M&A activity in India in 2024, exceeding USD 12.1 billion[1] in value, making it the second highest among all sectors. Infrastructure and BFSI are expected to continue driving M&A deal activity in India. Recently, India is seeing several large M&A transactions involving complex structuring, regulatory approvals on account of change in control, bespoke due diligence and documentation considerations and nuanced approach to regulatory interface before and after deal signing to obviate deal failure risks. Basis our recent experience, and change in control provisions applicable to banks, non-banks, payment system operators (PSOs), mutual funds and insurance players, this paper provides an overview of the specific deal and change in control linked regulatory approvals and learnings / considerations relevant from a transaction structuring and deal execution perspective, across each of the BFSI verticals.Continue Reading FIG Paper no. 48: Change in Control & Learnings in FIG space

Indranath Bishnu and Ayushi Agrawal

Insurance Brokers Association of India projects insurance broking sector to capture a 45 per cent market share by 2030 following increased insurance penetration and the demand for insurance productsOver the past couple of years, the Indian insurance industry has seen a series of significant transformations and new developments. Modified regulations, liberalisation of commission regimes, and proposals for amendment of regulatory architecture have opened new avenues of growth for the insurance broking industry. Continue Reading Mergers and Acquisitions in the Indian Insurance Broking Space

Public Takeovers in India: Flashback 2024

The year 2024 saw 105 public takeovers implemented through the tender offer route under the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Substantial Acquisition of Shares and Takeovers) Regulations, 2011 (Takeover Regulations). The number of takeovers were 24% higher than the number of takeovers in CY23 (85 in all). The aggregate transaction size (i.e. the aggregate size of the underlying negotiated deal and tender offer) of the takeovers announced in CY24 was INR 705.89 billion, i.e. 158% higher than that of the takeovers announced in CY23 (i.e. INR 274.27 billion). Primarily, the deal activity in CY24 was driven by domestic strategic acquirers. Foreigners executed 11 deals in this space, which was substantially higher than in CY23 (being 3).Continue Reading Public Takeovers in India: Flashback 2024

Introduction

Global M&A activity in the financial services sector appears to have slowed, despite a strong start in 2024, in line with general market trends. The Financial Institutions Group (“FIG”) is experiencing a unique phase of consolidation, with deal values increasing despite a significant decline in deal volume. This trend can be seen in a 5% YoY rise in deal value and a 30% drop in volume in the first half of 2024[1], suggesting a shift towards larger, strategic mergers.[2]Continue Reading FIG Paper (No. 38): M&A in FIG Space: Recent Trends and Shifts

The year 2023 saw 85 public takeovers implemented through the tender offer route under the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Substantial Acquisition of Shares and Takeovers) Regulations, 2011 (Takeover Regulations). The number of takeovers were only slightly below the number of takeovers in CY22 (93 in all). The aggregate transaction size (i.e. the aggregate size of the negotiated deal and tender offer) of takeovers announced in CY23 was ₹274.27 billion, 77% lower than that of the takeovers announced in CY22, which was ₹1,180 billion. Primarily, the deal activity in CY23 was driven by domestic acquirers. Foreigners executed only three deals in this space (including only one deal by a PE player), which was substantially lower than CY22 (being 11 ).Continue Reading Public Takeovers in India: Flashback 2023

The ability to undertake corporate restructuring and M&A through private or statutory arrangements has served as a touchstone in deal making globally. Statutory arrangements, at times, offer several advantages over contractual/ private arrangements. There are, however, several commercial, legal and tax considerations that have to be considered before opting between a statutory and private arrangement. The speed and ease with which a business can undertake an arrangement also plays an important part in such decision-making. In India, private arrangement is more popular than statutory arrangement for undertaking M&A as the latter is contingent on receipt of regulatory authorisation. Statutory arrangements in India were initially permitted only by way of National Company Law Tribunal (“NCLT”) approval.Continue Reading Mergers on a Fast-Track

WOS Exemption

Context:

Ever since the stock market scam of 2001 (Ketan Parekh Scam) was brought to light, regulators have been vigilant about the use of complex corporate structures to circumvent statutory restrictions and divert company funds. After the magnitude of financial irregularities in the Ketan Parekh Scam came to light, the Joint Parliamentary Committee (“JPC”) and the erstwhile Department of Company Affairs (“DCA”) proposed steps to prevent  companies from using the ‘subsidiary route’ to siphon off funds, by providing inter-corporate loans.[1]Continue Reading The Layering Restrictions & WOS exemption – Need for Regulatory clarity

Mergers & Acquisitions

Introduction

While some Indian corporates have been bold acquirers in big-ticket overseas acquisitions, such transactions are rare, often complex, and risky. Indian acquirers have typically used internal accruals or resorted to overseas debt to finance offshore acquisitions due to regulatory restrictions preventing them from using their stock as consideration for the acquisition. Recent liberalisations in the overseas investment framework suggest that this constraint may be going away. While these regulatory changes may provide additional structuring options for cross-border M&A/ restructuring, decisions of certain tribunals on these (relatively recent) amendments may play spoilsport.Continue Reading Cross-Border Demergers: Navigating muddy waters